KP Magazine
7:56 AM - Public
ACE inhibitors inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme, thereby decreasing the tension of blood vessels and blood volume, thus lowering blood pressure.
used primarily for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) and congestive heart failure.
Common adverse drug reactions include:
hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, and renal impairment.
Some evidence also suggests ACE inhibitors might increase inflammation-related pain, perhaps mediated by the buildup of bradykinin that accompanies ACE inhibition.
Rash and taste disturbances more prevalent in captopril.
used primarily for the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) and congestive heart failure.
Common adverse drug reactions include:
hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, and renal impairment.
Some evidence also suggests ACE inhibitors might increase inflammation-related pain, perhaps mediated by the buildup of bradykinin that accompanies ACE inhibition.
Rash and taste disturbances more prevalent in captopril.
Renal impairment is a significant adverse effect of all ACE inhibitors, but the reason is still unknown.
ACE inhibitors may reduce GFR, a marker of renal function. To be specific, they can induce or exacerbate renal impairment in patients with renal artery stenosis. This is especially a problem if the patient is concomitantly taking an NSAID and a diuretic. When the three drugs are taken together, there is a very high risk of developing renal failure.
ACE inhibitors are ADEC pregnancy category D, and should be avoided in women who are likely to become pregnant.
ACE inhibitors are required to be labeled with a "black box" warning concerning the risk of birth defects when taken during the second and third trimester.
Potassium supplementation should be used with caution and under medical supervision owing to the hyperkalemic effect.
ACE inhibitors can be divided into three groups based on their molecular structure:
Sulfhydryl-containing agents
Captopril (trade name Capoten), the first ACE inhibitor
Zofenopril
Dicarboxylate-containing agents
This is the largest group, including:
Enalapril (Vasotec/Renitec)
Ramipril (Altace/Prilace/Ramace/Ramiwin/Triatec/Tritace)
Quinapril (Accupril)
Perindopril (Coversyl/Aceon)
Lisinopril (Listril/Lopril/Novatec/Prinivil/Zestril)
Benazepril (Lotensin)
Imidapril (Tanatril)
Zofenopril (Zofecard)
Trandolapril (Mavik/Odrik/Gopten)
Phosphonate-containing agents
Fosinopril (Fositen/Monopril)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACE_inhibitor
ACE inhibitors are ADEC pregnancy category D, and should be avoided in women who are likely to become pregnant.
ACE inhibitors are required to be labeled with a "black box" warning concerning the risk of birth defects when taken during the second and third trimester.
Potassium supplementation should be used with caution and under medical supervision owing to the hyperkalemic effect.
ACE inhibitors can be divided into three groups based on their molecular structure:
Sulfhydryl-containing agents
Captopril (trade name Capoten), the first ACE inhibitor
Zofenopril
Dicarboxylate-containing agents
This is the largest group, including:
Enalapril (Vasotec/Renitec)
Ramipril (Altace/Prilace/Ramace/Ramiwin/Triatec/Tritace)
Quinapril (Accupril)
Perindopril (Coversyl/Aceon)
Lisinopril (Listril/Lopril/Novatec/Prinivil/Zestril)
Benazepril (Lotensin)
Imidapril (Tanatril)
Zofenopril (Zofecard)
Trandolapril (Mavik/Odrik/Gopten)
Phosphonate-containing agents
Fosinopril (Fositen/Monopril)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACE_inhibitor
KP Magazine
7:50 AM - Public
ยับยั้ง angiotensin converting enzyme ซึ่งเปลี่ยน Angiotensin I ให้เป็น Angiotension II ทำให้ Angiotensin II ลดลง หลอดเลือดจะขยายตัว ความดันโลหิตลดลง
อาการข้างเคียง(Adverse drug reactions)
อาการไอ บางครั้งอาจมีอาการไออยู่นานถึง 3 สัปดาห์หลังหยุดยา
ความดันโลหิตต่ำ อาจทำให้มีอาการหน้ามืดได้
อาจมีอาการปวดท้อง, คลื่นไส้อาเจียน, ท้องผูก
อาจมีอาการปวดศีรษะ, เวียนหน้า, อ่อนเพลียได้
ข้อควรระวัง(Warnings/precautions)
ระวังอาจทำให้การทำงานของไตเสื่อมลงได้
http://www.thaiheartclinic.com/drugacei.asp
อาการข้างเคียง(Adverse drug reactions)
อาการไอ บางครั้งอาจมีอาการไออยู่นานถึง 3 สัปดาห์หลังหยุดยา
ความดันโลหิตต่ำ อาจทำให้มีอาการหน้ามืดได้
อาจมีอาการปวดท้อง, คลื่นไส้อาเจียน, ท้องผูก
อาจมีอาการปวดศีรษะ, เวียนหน้า, อ่อนเพลียได้
ข้อควรระวัง(Warnings/precautions)
ระวังอาจทำให้การทำงานของไตเสื่อมลงได้
http://www.thaiheartclinic.com/drugacei.asp
KP Magazine
8:40 AM (edited) - Public
Most angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (eg, benazepril hydrochloride, cilazapril, enalapril, fosinopril sodium, perindopril erbumine, quinapril, ramipril, and trandolapril) are prodrugs metabolized in the liver; captopril and lisinopril are not. However, the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are not involved in significant cytochrome P450–mediated interactions with other drugs.
http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?volume=162&issue=4&page=405
http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?volume=162&issue=4&page=405
KP Magazine
8:33 AM - Public
GENERALLY AVOID: Moderate-to-high dietary intake of potassium can cause hyperkalemia in some patients who are using angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.
In some cases, affected patients were using a potassium-rich salt substitute. ACE inhibitors can promote hyperkalemia through inhibition of the renin-aldosterone-angiotensin (RAA) system.
MANAGEMENT: It is recommended that patients who are taking ACE inhibitors be advised to avoid moderately high or high potassium dietary intake. Particular attention should be paid to the potassium content of salt substitutes.
http://www.drugs.com/food-interactions/perindopril.html
In some cases, affected patients were using a potassium-rich salt substitute. ACE inhibitors can promote hyperkalemia through inhibition of the renin-aldosterone-angiotensin (RAA) system.
MANAGEMENT: It is recommended that patients who are taking ACE inhibitors be advised to avoid moderately high or high potassium dietary intake. Particular attention should be paid to the potassium content of salt substitutes.
http://www.drugs.com/food-interactions/perindopril.html
KP Magazine
8:31 AM (edited) - Public
Perindopril drug interactions
Diuretics, such as torsemide (Demadex®), furosemide (Lasix®), hydrochlorothiazide, and others
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as:
Celecoxib (Celebrex®)
Diclofenac
Etodolac (Lodine®, Lodine® XL)
Ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®, Nuprin®)
Indomethacin (Indocin®, Indocin SR®)
Ketoprofen (Orudis®, Actron®, Oruvail®)
Ketorolac (Sprix™, Toradol®)
Meloxicam (Mobic®)
Nabumetone (Relafen®)
Naproxen
Oxaprozin (Daypro®)
Piroxicam (Feldene®)
Others
Potassium supplements
Potassium-sparing diuretics, such as spironolactone (Aldactone®), triamterene (Dyrenium®), and amiloride (Midamor®), among others
Lithium (Eskalith®, Lithane®, Lithonate®, Lithotabs®)
Gentamicin (Garamycin®).
Lithium
Gentamicin
http://blood-pressure.emedtv.com/perindopril/drug-interactions-with-perindopril.html
Diuretics, such as torsemide (Demadex®), furosemide (Lasix®), hydrochlorothiazide, and others
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as:
Celecoxib (Celebrex®)
Diclofenac
Etodolac (Lodine®, Lodine® XL)
Ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®, Nuprin®)
Indomethacin (Indocin®, Indocin SR®)
Ketoprofen (Orudis®, Actron®, Oruvail®)
Ketorolac (Sprix™, Toradol®)
Meloxicam (Mobic®)
Nabumetone (Relafen®)
Naproxen
Oxaprozin (Daypro®)
Piroxicam (Feldene®)
Others
Potassium supplements
Potassium-sparing diuretics, such as spironolactone (Aldactone®), triamterene (Dyrenium®), and amiloride (Midamor®), among others
Lithium (Eskalith®, Lithane®, Lithonate®, Lithotabs®)
Gentamicin (Garamycin®).
Lithium
Gentamicin
http://blood-pressure.emedtv.com/perindopril/drug-interactions-with-perindopril.html
KP Magazine
8:26 AM (edited) - Public
Perindopril, or perindopril arginine, (trade names include Coversyl and Aceon) is a long-acting ACE inhibitor. Perindopril is used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure or stable coronary artery disease.
Contraindications
Children
Pregnancy
Lactation
Situations where a patient has a history of hypersensitivity to Coversyl (perindopril).
Renal failure
Precautions
Assess renal function before and during treatment where appropriate.
Renovascular hypertension.
Surgery/anesthesia.
Renal failure:
Symptomatic hypotension is rarely seen,
Side effects
Rare and mild, usually at the start of treatment.
Cough
fatigue
asthenia
headache
disturbances of mood and/or sleep
Less often
taste impairment
epigastric discomfort
nausea
abdominal pain
rash.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perindopril
Contraindications
Children
Pregnancy
Lactation
Situations where a patient has a history of hypersensitivity to Coversyl (perindopril).
Renal failure
Precautions
Assess renal function before and during treatment where appropriate.
Renovascular hypertension.
Surgery/anesthesia.
Renal failure:
Symptomatic hypotension is rarely seen,
Side effects
Rare and mild, usually at the start of treatment.
Cough
fatigue
asthenia
headache
disturbances of mood and/or sleep
Less often
taste impairment
epigastric discomfort
nausea
abdominal pain
rash.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perindopril
KP Magazine
8:23 AM (edited) - Public
5 mg perindopril arginine
http://disccs.siam2web.com/?cid=1640209&f_action=forum_viewtopic&forum_id=60960&topic_id=103432
http://disccs.siam2web.com/?cid=1640209&f_action=forum_viewtopic&forum_id=60960&topic_id=103432
KP Magazine
May 30, 2012 - Public
Ted Houk, M.D. originally shared this post:
Most docs are just not up on what a normal BP is. Basically, you have to treat down to 125/75 and hit both numbers, because 135/85 double the risk of MI and stroke. 155/95 is 4x, 175/105 is 8x, and so on. 140/90 is not OK. There's also the risk of kidney damage. The top, systolic, number is the risk of big heart attacks and stroke, and the bottom, diastolic, number is the risk of little heart lining MIs that can still give sudden death. Oops. Diuretics like HCTZ have the biggest reductions in MI and stroke, followed by ACEI [lisinopril], ARB [losartan] and ß blockers [atenolol; CCBs and new branded meds not so much.
KP Page
May 23, 2012 (edited) - Public
ยาNSAIDs ไม่ได้เป็นตัวทำให้เกิดโรคหัวใจล้มเหลวโดยตรง แต่จะทำให้ผู้ที่มีภาวะหัวใจล้มเหลวอยู่แล้ว เป็นมากขึ้นประมาณ 10 เท่า โดยกลไกที่สำคัญคือ การกระตุ้นให้มีการหตตัวของเส้นเลือดแดงในร่างกาย เป็นผลให้หัวใจต้องทำงานหนักขึ้น โดยเฉพาะในกลุ่มเสี่ยงคือกลุ่มที่มีเกลือโซเดียมในเลือดต่ำ นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่า ยาNSAIDs จะทำให้การออกฤทธิ์ของยารักษาภาวะหัวใจล้มเหลว 2 ตัวคือ ยาขับปัสสาวะ และยากลุ่ม ACEI มีประสิทธิภาพลดลง
http://www.thaiheartclinic.com/answerquiz005.asp
http://www.thaiheartclinic.com/answerquiz005.asp
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